This dataset is a component of the PAN-Arctic data collection of benthic BIOtas (PANABIO) and has been collated during the Census of Marine Life project Arctic Ocean Diversity (ArcOD; http://www.arcodiv.org/). It contains a total of 1,015 presence records of 253 megabenthic taxa (species to genus level) identified in 22 Agassiz trawl and 3 otter trawl catches, as well as in 11 seabed image transects, taken at 36 stations located in the waters around Svalbard (eastern Fram Strait, northern Barents Sea) at water depths of 30–2,100 m during a cruise in 1991. The dataset is also available in a PostgreSQL-based data warehouse that can be accessed and queried through an open-access frontend web service at https://critterbase.awi.de/panabio.