This dataset presents pollen based paleoclimate reconstructions for the Longgang Volcanic Field in Northeast China, derived from fossil pollen assemblages from the Gushantun peat bog (42°18'22.1 N, 126°16' 57.7 E, 506 m). Climate variables were inferred using a weighted averaging partial least squares (WA PLS) transfer function developed from a modern pollen dataset collected within a 1,000 km radius of the site. The calibrated transfer function was applied to the fossil pollen sequence to estimate key climate parameters, including mean annual precipitation (MAP), mean annual temperature (MAT), and the aridity index (AI). The dataset spans the Younger Dryas period and provides climate reconstructions at an average temporal resolution of approximately 20 years.