Dataset contains Lepidoptera observations made along established transects carried out in 2019. These observations were carried out as part of the larger monitoring schema "monitoring butterflies in the Sierra Nevada (Granada, Spain)". The main objectives of this project are 1) to record the population trend of the species being monitored, 2) to record the phenological patterns of each species and the possible changes that they may suffer due to climate changes 3) to identify variables related to the distribution and abundance of these species and, finally, 4) to establish an early warning system that allows managers to implement adaptive management measures on these species and their ecosystems.