In June 2012, the LISS Immigrant panel was presented the questionnaire “social exclusion”. The questionnaire aims to investigate the degree of social exclusion among the Dutch population.
To be able to differentiate between poor and non-poor population groups, all households were selected with a standardized net household income of less than 980 euros per month. This group comprised 23.9% of the sample; the other households were randomly selected. One member of each household was selected, and the panel members were aged 18 and older.