This dataset belongs to the research article entitled "Using brain potentials to functionally localise Stroop-like effects in colour and picture naming: Perceptual encoding versus word planning", authored by Natalia Shitova, Ardi Roelofs, Herbert Schriefers, Marcel Bastiaansen, and Jan-Mathijs Schoffelen, accepted for publication in PLOS ONE. The experiment was performed in 24 human subjects, using behavioural measures, such as reaction time and error rate, and scalp EEG recordings. This dataset includes behavioural and EEG raw data for three tasks (the classical Stroop task, the classical Picture-word Interference task, and a Stroop-like Picture-Word Interference task), as well as presentation scripts used during the experiment (in Presentation software) and analysis scripts (in Matlab). The data and scripts given are sufficient to replicate findings described in the article.