Objectives: Anal human papillomavirus (HPV) and abnormal anal cytology may precede anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). Our aim is to analyse the association of anal HPV infection and abnormal cytology in women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+). Methods: We carried out a prevalence study from April 2015 to March 2017 at La Paz hospital. Women diagnosed with histological CIN2+ were considered at high risk for developing anomalous anal results. Genotyping of HPV, anal cytology and high resolution anoscopy were performed.
Results: Of 171 patients recruited, 53 cases (31%) were diagnosed as CIN2+: there were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of anal HPV (OR 0.8); nor in abnormal cytology (OR 2.15, 95%CI 0.8-5.7). The prevalence of anal HPV in the immunocompromised patients was higher (OR 2.51, 95%CI 1-6.3, P<0.05). Cervical HPV increased the risk of anal HPV (OR 3.9, 95%CI 1.9-8.0, P<0.01). The average age of the women with altered anal cytology was 41.3 ±8.8 SD (P<0.05). Conclusions: CIN2+ of recent diagnosis does not appear to be an independent risk factor for the detection of anal HPV and abnormal cytology. Suffering immunosuppression, cervical HPV and women over 40 years old; irrespective of their cervical dysplasia, were associated with anomalous anal results. Keywords: HPV, anal cytology, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Data acquired: Cytologies in liquid medium: Thin PrepTM (Cytyc Corporation Boxborough, MA). HPV genotyping in automated viral DNA amplification test (method based on the polymerase chain reaction) Clart® Human Papillomavirus 2 (Genomica, Madrid). Population: New patients referred to the Unit of Cervical Pathology and Lower Genital Tract Value of the Data: The data could improve the evidence of anal HPV infection and altered anal cytology of the less-studied high-risk population: women with high-grade cervical dysplasia.