Description and composition iron-manganese concretions from the Pacific

DOI

One the most interesting features of ocean sedimentation is the manganese formations on the surface of the ocean floor in some areas. These are especially widespread in the Pacific Ocean as concretions, grains, and crusts on rock fragments and bedrock outcrops. Iron-manganese concretions are the most abundant as they completely cover about 10% of the bottom of the Pacific Ocean where there are ore concentrations. The concretions occupy from 20-50% of the bottom and up to 80-90% on separate submarine rises. Such concretions are found in different types of bottom deposits, from abyssal red clays to terrigenous muds, but they occur most widely in red clays and quite often in carbonate muds. Their shape and their dimensions are very diverse and change from place to place, from station to station, varying from 0.5-20 cm. They may be oval, globular, reniform, or slaggy and often they are fiat or isometric concretions of an indefinite shape. The concretions generally have nuclei of pumice, basalt fragments, clayey and tuffaceous material, sharks' teeth, whale ossicles, and fossil sponges. Most concretions have concentric layers, combined with dendritic ramifications of iron and manganese oxides.

From 1983 until 1989 NOAA-NCEI compiled the NOAA-MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database from journal articles, technical reports and unpublished sources from other institutions. At the time it was the most extended data compilation on ferromanganese deposits world wide. Initially published in a proprietary format incompatible with present day standards it was jointly decided by AWI and NOAA to transcribe this legacy data into PANGAEA. This transfer is augmented by a careful checking of the original sources when available and the encoding of ancillary information (sample description, method of analysis...) not present in the NOAA-MMS database.

Supplement to: Skornyakova, Nadezhda S; Andrushchenko, Polina F; Fomina, Lidiya S (1964): Chemical composition of the Pacific ocean's iron-manganese concretions. Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts, 11(1), 93-104

Identifier
DOI https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.858773
Related Identifier https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(64)91086-1
Related Identifier https://doi.org/10.7289/V52Z13FT
Related Identifier https://doi.org/10.7289/V53X84KN
Metadata Access https://ws.pangaea.de/oai/provider?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=datacite4&identifier=oai:pangaea.de:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.858773
Provenance
Creator Skornyakova, Nadezhda S; Andrushchenko, Polina F; Fomina, Lidiya S
Publisher PANGAEA
Publication Year 1964
Rights Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
OpenAccess true
Representation
Language English
Resource Type Supplementary Publication Series of Datasets; Collection
Format application/zip
Size 3 datasets
Discipline Earth System Research
Spatial Coverage (-85.233W, -41.983S, 134.498E, 44.467N); Pacific Ocean; Northwestern Basin, Pacific Ocean; Mariana Basin, Pacific Ocean
Temporal Coverage Begin 1954-09-24T00:00:00Z
Temporal Coverage End 1959-03-01T00:00:00Z