In the Dataset four land-cover maps are included. Each map represents an area in central Chukotka along a vegetation gradient from treeless mountainous tundra (16-KP-04, Lake Rauchuagytgyn area), via the tundra–taiga transition (16-KP-01, Lake Ilirney area; 16-KP-03, Nutenvut lakes area) to the northern taiga (16-KP-02, Bolshoy Anyuy river area). Each map contains data on four land-cover classes, which are describing the following vegetation types of central Chukotka: larch closed-canopy forest, forest tundra and shrub tundra, graminoid tundra and prostrate herb tundra and barren areas. Land-cover classes were established field data /foliage projective cover of different taxa) and Landsat satellite data. Data format: Geo-Tiff, Projection: UTM WGS84, Pixel size: 30 x 30 m.