This data set contains results of analyses performed on core M125-34-2 (retrieved during R/V METEOR Expeditin M125 in Spring 2016) from the cold water coral-bearing Bowie Mound, located off Cabo Frio, Eastern Brazil. Analyses were performed to determine the paleoenvironmental conditions that favored or prevented coral growth. The data comprises cold water coral contents and bioturbation index based on CT-scanning, benthic foraminiferal isotopes (C and O), 13C of organic material, sortable silt, elemental ratios based on XRF core-scanning, mineral content based on Rietveld refinement of XRD data, as well as bulk TOC content and Corganic/Ntotal ratios. For comparison an off-mound site (M125-50-3) was analyzed for benthic foraminiferal isotopes (C and O) and sortable silt.