Manganese rich polymetallic nodules are used for trace element removal from fresh-water. The theory of kinetics and mechanisms of reactions are discussed for manganese removal. The efficiency of nodules is higher than efficiency related to other manganese removal methods. Pilot units involving continuous processes are discussed.
From 1983 until 1989 NOAA-NCEI compiled the NOAA-MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database from journal articles, technical reports and unpublished sources from other institutions. At the time it was the most extended data compilation on ferromanganese deposits world wide. Initially published in a proprietary format incompatible with present day standards it was jointly decided by AWI and NOAA to transcribe this legacy data into PANGAEA. This transfer is augmented by a careful checking of the original sources when available and the encoding of ancillary information (sample description, method of analysis...) not present in the NOAA-MMS database.
Supplement to: Pignet, G; Martin, G; Bougault, Henri (1979): Les nodules polymétalliques et la dépollution des eaux (Polymetalic nodules and water depollution). Journal Français d'Hydrologie, 10(3), 179-188